AL HAYAT - US government shutdown ties record for longest in history

The federal closure appears almost certain to become the longest in history, with no major breakthroughs expected before it goes into its sixth week at midnight -- although there were fragile signs in Congress that an off-ramp is closer than ever.

Senate Majority Leader John Thune set the buoyant mood music on Monday when he told reporters he felt "optimistic" that newly energized talks between warring Republicans and Democrats could end in a deal before next week.

The government has been grinding to a halt since Congress failed to pass a bill to keep federal departments and agencies funded past the end of the last financial year on September 30.

"I'll be honest with you, I don't think any of us expected that it would drag on this long. We didn't believe, we couldn't have imagined," House Speaker Mike Johnson told a news conference arranged to mark the six-week milestone.

"It's now tied for the longest shutdown in US history. And we didn't think we'd have to come in here every single day -- day after day after day -- and repeat the obvious facts to the American people and to put on display every day what is happening here."

Some 1.4 million federal workers -- from air traffic controllers to park wardens -- have been placed on enforced leave without pay or made to work for nothing, while vital welfare programs and even paychecks for active-duty troops are under threat.

Both sides remain dug in over the main sticking point -- health care spending.

Democrats say they will only provide votes to end the funding lapse after a deal has been struck to extend expiring insurance subsidies that make health care affordable for millions of Americans.

- 'TERMINATE THE FILIBUSTER' -

But Republicans insist they will only address health care once Democrats have voted to switch the lights back on in Washington.

While both sides' leadership have shown little appetite for compromise, there have been signs of life on the back benches, with a handful of moderate Democrats working to find an escape hatch.

A separate bipartisan group of four centrist House members unveiled a compromise framework Monday for lowering health insurance costs.

Democrats believe that millions of Americans seeing skyrocketing premiums as they enroll onto health insurance programs for next year will pressure Republicans into seeking compromise.

But Trump has held firm on refusing to negotiate, telling CBS News in an interview broadcast Sunday that he would "not be extorted."

The president has sought to apply his own pressure to force Democrats to cave, by threatening mass layoffs of federal workers and using the shutdown to target progressive priorities.

Last week his administration threatened to cut off a vital aid program that helps 42 million Americans pay for groceries for the first time in its more than 60-year history, before the move was blocked in court.

And the president has returned to a familiar playbook of demanding the elimination of the Senate filibuster -- the 60-vote threshold for passing most legislation -- so Republicans can pass government funding themselves.

"Terminate the filibuster now, end the ridiculous shutdown immediately, and then, most importantly, pass every wonderful Republican policy that we have dreamt of for years, but never gotten," Trump fulminated in an all-caps social media post.

Preserving the filibuster -- which senators say protects the voice of the minority -- is one of the few issues on which Republicans are willing to defy Trump and radical reform seems highly unlikely.

"The votes aren't there," Thune told reporters on Monday.

C.Khalifa--al-Hayat